[R] Does the function "c" have a character limit?
Richard O'Keefe
r@oknz @end|ng |rom gm@||@com
Wed Jul 13 15:50:04 CEST 2022
Breaking up the *line* doesn't mean breaking up the *command*.
For example,
x <- c(
"FOOBAR", # 1
...
"FOOBAR", # 4999
"UGGLE")
works fine, with source(..), with "R -f ...", and other ways.
Each *line* is short, but it's still one *command*.
I'd probably put that much data in a file, myself,
but R doesn't mind.
On Thu, 14 Jul 2022 at 01:21, Ebert,Timothy Aaron <tebert using ufl.edu> wrote:
> The limits to the size of vectors, matrices, data frames, lists, or other
> data structure does not have a simple answer.
> 1) 2^31 - 1 is the maximum number of rows.
> https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5233769/practical-limits-of-r-data-frame#:~:text=The%20number%20is%202%5E31,start%20collecting%20several%20of%20them
> .
> 2) help(Memory) suggests that the default limit for all variables is 6 Mb.
> The help page tells you how to change this.
> Neither of these two factors have any bearing on this problem except that
> your vector is not close to these limits.
>
> I got the same result you did when I entered your vector into my system (R
> 4.2 in RStudio, on 64 bit Windows). I shortened it by removing the first
> entry and it works.
>
> I can copy the entire line into Microsoft Word, and count the number of
> characters (including spaces) and I get 4089. There were seven characters
> in the first entry including the comma and space. If I add seven spaces
> between MES and the equal sign I get the original outcome. So the limit is
> on the number of characters in the line. You can get more entries by
> shortening each entry, or fewer if each entry was longer.
>
> As others have suggested, I would break the line into two pieces and then
> combine the pieces.
>
> Tim
>
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: R-help <r-help-bounces using r-project.org> On Behalf Of Rui Barradas
> Sent: Wednesday, July 13, 2022 6:36 AM
> To: core_contingency <ccontingency using gmail.com>; r-help using r-project.org
> Subject: Re: [R] Does the function "c" have a character limit?
>
> [External Email]
>
> Hello,
>
> This is documented behavior.
> From R-intro, last line of section 1.8 [1].
>
>
> Command lines entered at the console are limited4 to about 4095 bytes (not
> characters).
>
>
> The number 4 in limited4 is a footnote link:
>
>
> some of the consoles will not allow you to enter more, and amongst those
> which do some will silently discard the excess and some will use it as the
> start of the next line.
>
>
>
> Prof. Ripley called the r-devel mailing list's attention to this in August
> 2006 when the limit was 1024 [2], it was then increased to the current
> 4095. I remember seeing a limit of 2048 (?) but couldn't find where.
>
>
> Try creating a file with your command as only content, then run
>
>
> x <- readLines("rhelp.txt")
> nchar(x)
> # [1] 4096
>
>
> You are above the limit by 1 byte.
> Standard solutions are to break the command line, in your case into at
> least 2 lines, or to source the command from file, like David proposed.
>
>
> [1]
>
> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__cran.r-2Dproject.org_doc_manuals_R-2Dintro.html-23R-2Dcommands-5F003b-2Dcase-2Dsensitivity-2Detc&d=DwIDaQ&c=sJ6xIWYx-zLMB3EPkvcnVg&r=9PEhQh2kVeAsRzsn7AkP-g&m=bDsMNmn2OhMbQIvptul8Yl752vW7YkxJ0v91xFMGuYQo9NsNdzAp5k0CD2XzMc9x&s=g5cbrpfyHaIN9sXycd_-f2iDsOcbuzLe2u3KjvQNm-0&e=
> [2]
> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__stat.ethz.ch_pipermail_r-2Ddevel_2006-2DAugust_038985.html&d=DwIDaQ&c=sJ6xIWYx-zLMB3EPkvcnVg&r=9PEhQh2kVeAsRzsn7AkP-g&m=bDsMNmn2OhMbQIvptul8Yl752vW7YkxJ0v91xFMGuYQo9NsNdzAp5k0CD2XzMc9x&s=B1YSca31vHlpy9WJG8o0MBTh7bX4v7M61eWfQ4tmdog&e=
>
>
> Hope this helps,
>
> Rui Barradas
>
>
> Às 00:36 de 13/07/2022, core_contingency escreveu:
> > To Whom it May Concern,
> >
> > I am creating a vector with the base R function "c", with many
> > arguments as shown below:
> >
> > $ R
> > > MES = c("A2M", "ABRACL", "ACADVL", "ACAP2", "ACTA2", "ACTN1",
> > "ADAM19", "ADAM9", "ADAMTS5", "ADGRE5", "ADGRG6", "AEBP1", "AJUBA",
> > "ALDH1A3", "AMMECR1", "ANTXR1", "ANXA1", "ANXA2", "ANXA5", "ANXA6",
> > "APOE", "APP", "ARHGAP1", "ARHGEF40", "ARL1", "ARL4A", "ARMCX2",
> > "ARPC1B", "ASPH", "ATP10D", "ATP1B1", "ATP2B1", "ATP2B4", "ATP6V0E1",
> > "ATP8B2", "ATXN1", "B2M", "BAG3", "BGN", "BMP5", "BNC2", "BOC",
> > "BTN3A2", "C1orf198", "C1orf54", "C4orf32", "C6orf120", "CALD1",
> > "CALU", "CAPN2", "CAPN6", "CBFB", "CBLB", "CCDC80", "CD164", "CD44",
> > "CD59", "CD63", "CDH11", "CETN2", "CFH", "CFI", "CILP", "CKAP4",
> > "CLIC4", "CMTM3", "CMTM6", "CNN3", "COL11A1", "COL12A1", "COL1A1",
> > "COL27A1", "COL3A1", "COL4A1", "COL4A2", "COL5A1", "COL5A2", "COL6A1",
> > "COL6A2", "COL6A3", "COPA", "CPED1", "CPS1", "CRABP2", "CREB3L2",
> > "CREG1", "CRELD2", "CRISPLD1", "CRTAP", "CSRP1", "CTDSP2", "CTNNA1",
> > "CTSB", "CTSC", "CTSO", "CXCL12", "CYBRD1", "CYFIP1", "CYP26A1",
> > "CYR61", "DCAF6", "DDOST", "DDR2", "DESI2", "DKK3", "DLC1", "DLX1",
> > "DLX2", "DMD", "DNAJC1", "DNAJC10", "DNAJC3", "DNM3OS", "DPY19L1",
> > "DSE", "DUSP14", "DUSP5", "DUSP6", "EDEM1", "EDNRA", "EFEMP2", "EGFR",
> > "EGR1", "EGR3", "EHD2", "ELAVL1", "ELF1", "ELK3", "ELK4", "EMILIN1",
> > "EMP1", "ENAH", "EPHA3", "EPS8", "ERBIN", "ERLIN1", "ERRFI1", "ETS1",
> > "EVA1A", "EXT1", "EXTL2", "F2R", "F2RL2", "FAM102B", "FAM114A1",
> > "FAM120A", "FAM129A", "FAM3C", "FAM43A", "FAM46A", "FAT1", "FBN1",
> > "FBN2", "FGFR1", "FIBIN", "FILIP1L", "FKBP14", "FLNA", "FLRT2",
> > "FMOD", "FN1", "FNDC3B", "FSTL1", "FUCA2", "FZD1", "FZD2", "FZD7",
> > "GABRR1", "GALNT10", "GAS1", "GAS2", "GDF15", "GJA1", "GNAI1",
> > "GNG12", "GNS", "GORAB", "GPC6", "GPR137B", "GPX8", "GRN", "GSN",
> > "HES1", "HEXB", "HIBADH", "HIPK3", "HIST1H2AC", "HIST1H2BK", "HLA-A",
> > "HLA-B", "HLA-C", "HLA-F", "HLX", "HNMT", "HOMER1", "HS3ST3A1",
> > "HSP90B1", "HSPA5", "HSPB1", "HTRA1", "HYOU1", "ID1", "ID3", "IFI16",
> > "IFITM2", "IFITM3", "IGF2R", "IGFBP5", "IGFBP6", "IL13RA1", "IL6ST",
> > "INSIG1", "IQGAP2", "ITGA10", "ITGA4", "ITGAV", "ITGB1", "ITM2B",
> > "ITM2C", "ITPR1", "ITPRIPL2", "JAK1", "JAM3", "KANK2", "KCNK2",
> > "KCTD12", "KDELC2", "KDELR2", "KDELR3", "KDM5B", "KIAA1462", "KIF13A",
> > "KIRREL", "KLF10", "KLF4", "KLF6", "L3HYPDH", "LAMB1", "LAMC1",
> > "LAMP1", "LAPTM4A", "LASP1", "LATS2", "LEPROT", "LGALS1", "LHFP",
> > "LHX8", "LIFR", "LIPA", "LITAF", "LIX1L", "LMAN1", "LMNA", "LOXL2",
> > "LPP", "LRP10", "LRRC17", "LRRC8C", "LTBP1", "LUZP1", "MAGT1",
> > "MAML2", "MAN2A1", "MANF", "MBD2", "MBNL1", "MBTPS1", "MEOX1",
> > "MEOX2", "MEST", "MGAT2", "MGP", "MGST1", "MICAL2", "MMP2", "MOB1A",
> > "MRC2", "MXRA5", "MYADM", "MYDGF", "MYL12A", "MYL12B", "MYLIP",
> > "NANS", "NBR1", "NEK7", "NES", "NFIA", "NFIC", "NID1", "NID2",
> > "NOTCH2", "NOTCH2NL", "NPC2", "NPTN", "NQO1", "NR3C1", "NRP1",
> > "OGFRL1", "OLFML2A", "OLFML2B", "OLFML3", "OSTC", "P4HA1", "PALLD",
> > "PAPSS2", "PCDH18", "PCOLCE2", "PCSK5", "PDE3A", "PDE7B", "PDGFC",
> > "PDIA3", "PDIA4", "PDIA6", "PDLIM1", "PEA15", "PEAK1", "PHLDA3",
> > "PHLDB2", "PHTF2", "PIAS3", "PLAGL1", "PLEKHA2", "PLEKHH2", "PLK2",
> > "PLOD2", "PLOD3", "PLPP1", "PLS3", "PLSCR1", "PLSCR4", "PLXDC2",
> > "POLR2L", "PON2", "POSTN", "PPIB", "PPIC", "PPT1", "PRCP", "PRDM6",
> > "PRDX4", "PRDX6", "PROM1", "PRRX1", "PTBP1", "PTGER4", "PTGFRN",
> > "PTN", "PTPN14", "PTPRG", "PTPRK", "PTRF", "PXDC1", "PXDN", "PYGL",
> > "QKI", "QSOX1", "RAB13", "RAB29", "RAB31", "RAP1A", "RAP1B", "RBMS1",
> > "RCN1", "RECK", "REST", "RGL1", "RGS10", "RGS3", "RHOC", "RHOJ",
> > "RIN2", "RIT1", "RNFT1", "RNH1", "ROBO1", "ROR1", "RRBP1", "S1PR3",
> > "SASH1", "SCPEP1", "SCRG1", "SDC2", "SDC4", "SDCBP", "SDF4",
> > "SEC14L1", "SEL1L3", "SEMA3C", "SEMA3F", "SEPT10", "SERPINE2",
> > "SERPINH1", "SFT2D1", "SFT2D2", "SGK1", "SH3BGRL", "SHC1", "SHROOM3",
> > "SIX1", "SIX4", "SKIL", "SLC16A4", "SLC30A1", "SLC30A7", "SLC35F5",
> > "SLC38A2", "SLC38A6", "SLC39A14", "SMAD3", "SNAI2", "SNAP23",
> > "SOSTDC1", "SOX9", "SPARC", "SPARCL1", "SPATA20", "SPCS3", "SPRED1",
> > "SPRY1", "SPRY4", "SPRY4-IT1", "SQSTM1", "SRPX", "SSBP4", "SSR1",
> > "SSR3", "STAT1", "STAT3", "STEAP1", "STK38L", "SUCLG2", "SURF4", "SVIL",
> "SYDE1", "SYNJ2", "SYPL1", "TCF7L2", "TFE3", "TFPI", "TGFB1I1", "TGFBR2",
> "THBS1", "TIMP1", "TJP1")
> > +
> >
> > For some reason, the R console does not display a ">" symbol,
> > indicating that it has completed the function, but displays a "+"
> > symbol instead, which indicates that the function is still waiting for
> more input.
> > However, I believe that my syntax is correct. If I shorten my command
> > by a few characters by removing the last entry, "TJP1":
> >
> > $ R
> > > MES = c("A2M", "ABRACL", "ACADVL", "ACAP2", "ACTA2", "ACTN1",
> > "ADAM19", "ADAM9", "ADAMTS5", "ADGRE5", "ADGRG6", "AEBP1", "AJUBA",
> > "ALDH1A3", "AMMECR1", "ANTXR1", "ANXA1", "ANXA2", "ANXA5", "ANXA6",
> > "APOE", "APP", "ARHGAP1", "ARHGEF40", "ARL1", "ARL4A", "ARMCX2",
> > "ARPC1B", "ASPH", "ATP10D", "ATP1B1", "ATP2B1", "ATP2B4", "ATP6V0E1",
> > "ATP8B2", "ATXN1", "B2M", "BAG3", "BGN", "BMP5", "BNC2", "BOC",
> > "BTN3A2", "C1orf198", "C1orf54", "C4orf32", "C6orf120", "CALD1",
> > "CALU", "CAPN2", "CAPN6", "CBFB", "CBLB", "CCDC80", "CD164", "CD44",
> > "CD59", "CD63", "CDH11", "CETN2", "CFH", "CFI", "CILP", "CKAP4",
> > "CLIC4", "CMTM3", "CMTM6", "CNN3", "COL11A1", "COL12A1", "COL1A1",
> > "COL27A1", "COL3A1", "COL4A1", "COL4A2", "COL5A1", "COL5A2", "COL6A1",
> > "COL6A2", "COL6A3", "COPA", "CPED1", "CPS1", "CRABP2", "CREB3L2",
> > "CREG1", "CRELD2", "CRISPLD1", "CRTAP", "CSRP1", "CTDSP2", "CTNNA1",
> > "CTSB", "CTSC", "CTSO", "CXCL12", "CYBRD1", "CYFIP1", "CYP26A1",
> > "CYR61", "DCAF6", "DDOST", "DDR2", "DESI2", "DKK3", "DLC1", "DLX1",
> > "DLX2", "DMD", "DNAJC1", "DNAJC10", "DNAJC3", "DNM3OS", "DPY19L1",
> > "DSE", "DUSP14", "DUSP5", "DUSP6", "EDEM1", "EDNRA", "EFEMP2", "EGFR",
> > "EGR1", "EGR3", "EHD2", "ELAVL1", "ELF1", "ELK3", "ELK4", "EMILIN1",
> > "EMP1", "ENAH", "EPHA3", "EPS8", "ERBIN", "ERLIN1", "ERRFI1", "ETS1",
> > "EVA1A", "EXT1", "EXTL2", "F2R", "F2RL2", "FAM102B", "FAM114A1",
> > "FAM120A", "FAM129A", "FAM3C", "FAM43A", "FAM46A", "FAT1", "FBN1",
> > "FBN2", "FGFR1", "FIBIN", "FILIP1L", "FKBP14", "FLNA", "FLRT2",
> > "FMOD", "FN1", "FNDC3B", "FSTL1", "FUCA2", "FZD1", "FZD2", "FZD7",
> > "GABRR1", "GALNT10", "GAS1", "GAS2", "GDF15", "GJA1", "GNAI1",
> > "GNG12", "GNS", "GORAB", "GPC6", "GPR137B", "GPX8", "GRN", "GSN",
> > "HES1", "HEXB", "HIBADH", "HIPK3", "HIST1H2AC", "HIST1H2BK", "HLA-A",
> > "HLA-B", "HLA-C", "HLA-F", "HLX", "HNMT", "HOMER1", "HS3ST3A1",
> > "HSP90B1", "HSPA5", "HSPB1", "HTRA1", "HYOU1", "ID1", "ID3", "IFI16",
> > "IFITM2", "IFITM3", "IGF2R", "IGFBP5", "IGFBP6", "IL13RA1", "IL6ST",
> > "INSIG1", "IQGAP2", "ITGA10", "ITGA4", "ITGAV", "ITGB1", "ITM2B",
> > "ITM2C", "ITPR1", "ITPRIPL2", "JAK1", "JAM3", "KANK2", "KCNK2",
> > "KCTD12", "KDELC2", "KDELR2", "KDELR3", "KDM5B", "KIAA1462", "KIF13A",
> > "KIRREL", "KLF10", "KLF4", "KLF6", "L3HYPDH", "LAMB1", "LAMC1",
> > "LAMP1", "LAPTM4A", "LASP1", "LATS2", "LEPROT", "LGALS1", "LHFP",
> > "LHX8", "LIFR", "LIPA", "LITAF", "LIX1L", "LMAN1", "LMNA", "LOXL2",
> > "LPP", "LRP10", "LRRC17", "LRRC8C", "LTBP1", "LUZP1", "MAGT1",
> > "MAML2", "MAN2A1", "MANF", "MBD2", "MBNL1", "MBTPS1", "MEOX1",
> > "MEOX2", "MEST", "MGAT2", "MGP", "MGST1", "MICAL2", "MMP2", "MOB1A",
> > "MRC2", "MXRA5", "MYADM", "MYDGF", "MYL12A", "MYL12B", "MYLIP",
> > "NANS", "NBR1", "NEK7", "NES", "NFIA", "NFIC", "NID1", "NID2",
> > "NOTCH2", "NOTCH2NL", "NPC2", "NPTN", "NQO1", "NR3C1", "NRP1",
> > "OGFRL1", "OLFML2A", "OLFML2B", "OLFML3", "OSTC", "P4HA1", "PALLD",
> > "PAPSS2", "PCDH18", "PCOLCE2", "PCSK5", "PDE3A", "PDE7B", "PDGFC",
> > "PDIA3", "PDIA4", "PDIA6", "PDLIM1", "PEA15", "PEAK1", "PHLDA3",
> > "PHLDB2", "PHTF2", "PIAS3", "PLAGL1", "PLEKHA2", "PLEKHH2", "PLK2",
> > "PLOD2", "PLOD3", "PLPP1", "PLS3", "PLSCR1", "PLSCR4", "PLXDC2",
> > "POLR2L", "PON2", "POSTN", "PPIB", "PPIC", "PPT1", "PRCP", "PRDM6",
> > "PRDX4", "PRDX6", "PROM1", "PRRX1", "PTBP1", "PTGER4", "PTGFRN",
> > "PTN", "PTPN14", "PTPRG", "PTPRK", "PTRF", "PXDC1", "PXDN", "PYGL",
> > "QKI", "QSOX1", "RAB13", "RAB29", "RAB31", "RAP1A", "RAP1B", "RBMS1",
> > "RCN1", "RECK", "REST", "RGL1", "RGS10", "RGS3", "RHOC", "RHOJ",
> > "RIN2", "RIT1", "RNFT1", "RNH1", "ROBO1", "ROR1", "RRBP1", "S1PR3",
> > "SASH1", "SCPEP1", "SCRG1", "SDC2", "SDC4", "SDCBP", "SDF4",
> > "SEC14L1", "SEL1L3", "SEMA3C", "SEMA3F", "SEPT10", "SERPINE2",
> > "SERPINH1", "SFT2D1", "SFT2D2", "SGK1", "SH3BGRL", "SHC1", "SHROOM3",
> > "SIX1", "SIX4", "SKIL", "SLC16A4", "SLC30A1", "SLC30A7", "SLC35F5",
> > "SLC38A2", "SLC38A6", "SLC39A14", "SMAD3", "SNAI2", "SNAP23",
> > "SOSTDC1", "SOX9", "SPARC", "SPARCL1", "SPATA20", "SPCS3", "SPRED1",
> > "SPRY1", "SPRY4", "SPRY4-IT1", "SQSTM1", "SRPX", "SSBP4", "SSR1",
> > "SSR3", "STAT1", "STAT3", "STEAP1", "STK38L", "SUCLG2", "SURF4", "SVIL",
> "SYDE1", "SYNJ2", "SYPL1", "TCF7L2", "TFE3", "TFPI", "TGFB1I1", "TGFBR2",
> "THBS1", "TIMP1")
> > >
> >
> > The function now works, and returns a ">" symbol, indicating that the
> > function completed successfully. The ls() function proves it:
> >
> > $ R
> > > ls()
> > [1] "MES"
> >
> > Is this a bug in the base R "c" function? It seems like the "c"
> > function can only accept so many characters before it fails.
> >
> > Thank you for your time,
> > core_contingency
> >
> >
> > ______________________________________________
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>
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