[R] a general way to select a subset of matrix rows?

Peter Kharchenko peter.kharchenko at post.harvard.edu
Sat May 9 19:33:58 CEST 2009


Dear fellow R users,
I can't figure out how to do a simple thing properly: apply an operation 
to matrix columns on a selected subset of rows. Things go wrong when 
only one row is being selected. I am sure there's a way to do this 
properly.

  Here's an example:
# define a 3-by-4 matrix x
 > x <- matrix(runif(12),ncol=4)
 > str(x)
 num [1:3, 1:4] 0.568 0.217 0.309 0.859 0.651 ...

# calculate column means for selected rows
 > rows <- c(1,2)
 > apply(x[rows,],2,mean)
[1] 0.3923531 0.7552746 0.3661532 0.1069531
# now the same thing, but the "rows" vector is actually just one row
 > rows <- c(2)
 > apply(x[rows,],2,mean)
Error in apply(x[rows, ], 2, mean) : dim(X) must have a positive length

The problem is that while x[rows,] in the first case returned a matrix, 
in the second case, when only one row was selected, it returned a vector 
(and the apply obviously failed).  Is there a general way to subset a 
matrix so it still returns a matrix even if it's one row?
Unfortunately doing as.matrix(x[rows,]) doesn't work either, as it 
returns a transposed matrix in the case of a single row.

Is there a way to do this properly without writing out hideous if 
statements accounting for single row exception?

thanks,
-peter.




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